高一英語(yǔ)第四單元Travel (旅行)

科目 英語(yǔ)
年級(jí) 高一
文件　high1 unit4.4.doc
標(biāo)題 Travel (旅行)
章節(jié) 第四單元
關(guān)鍵詞
內(nèi)容
一、教法建議
【拋磚引玉】
　　同學(xué)們，你喜歡旅行嗎？從祖國(guó)冰天雪地的北疆到風(fēng)光旖旎的南國(guó)，從天山之麓到東海之濱，祖國(guó)的名山大川美不勝收。萬(wàn)里長(zhǎng)城是中華民族魂的象征，多少游人足蹬長(zhǎng)城激昂慷慨。冰天雪地的青藏高原，聳立著神圣的珠穆瑯瑪，有誰(shuí)不慨嘆它的巍峨與高大？波濤涌動(dòng)的東海之濱，帆影點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，無(wú)數(shù)志士偉人贊嘆它的雄奇與寬闊的胸懷，乘風(fēng)破浪，直掛云凡濟(jì)蒼海。登山則情滿于山，觀海則意溢于海�？粗�那鮮花、碧草與冰雪為鄰的別樣景致，欣賞著白云從身旁飄過(guò)，羨慕著雄鷹在天空翱翔，真讓人沉浸在美好的遐想中。如果你到了海邊，你一定會(huì)感到海在笑，粼粼地笑，一片青蒼遼闊的碧水，染透了深邃無(wú)邊的翠色。在波濤上輕浮著的漁船，像是搖蕩在波瀾不驚的油畫(huà)里。
　　從烏拉爾山頂?shù)陌}皚白雪到白令海峽的滔天海潮，從椰林飄香的印度支那半島到冰天雪地的西伯利亞荒原，你想領(lǐng)略這一切嗎？領(lǐng)略克里姆林宮的威嚴(yán)、感受日內(nèi)瓦的溫柔、欣賞波羅的海的驚濤駭浪、評(píng)鑒自由女神像的瀟灑。無(wú)論是熙暖韻致的春，濃綠熱忱的夏，冷清浪漫的秋，幽靜潔白的冬，……每一片土地，每一處古跡都會(huì)給你一種無(wú)可名狀的激情，一種源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)的文明氣息將充溢你的全身，滲入你的每一個(gè)細(xì)胞。
　　從本單元的課文中，我們了解到的是在不斷的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的動(dòng)力支撐下，人類(lèi)征服和超越自然環(huán)境、擴(kuò)大和拓展人工自然的文明進(jìn)程可謂是風(fēng)帆高揚(yáng)、凱歌行進(jìn)；在當(dāng)代大多數(shù)人的生存環(huán)境中，各種建筑物和街道所組成的人工建造的物質(zhì)環(huán)境逐漸取代了由森林、河流、山川和平原所組成的自然環(huán)境，充滿“田園牧歌”意味的自然環(huán)境正逐漸隱去，并退縮到人類(lèi)意識(shí)的一個(gè)被遺忘的角落之中。然而就在社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力得到成百倍增加，社會(huì)生產(chǎn)方式發(fā)生巨大變遷，人口激增，工業(yè)化和城市化過(guò)程迅猛推進(jìn)的同時(shí)，環(huán)境污染作為一種巨大的危機(jī)也開(kāi)始第一次降臨到人類(lèi)的頭上：到處是林立的煙囪和濃密的黑煙，渾濁的河流，遍地的工業(yè)廢物，失去生機(jī)的大地和森林。農(nóng)業(yè)時(shí)代的那種“落霞與孤騖齊飛，秋水共長(zhǎng)天一色”的“田園牧歌”景色已不再有，人與環(huán)境和諧相處的那種“采菊東籬下，悠悠見(jiàn)南山”的自然審美情趣也逐漸遠(yuǎn)去，人類(lèi)從此仿佛是踏上了一條遠(yuǎn)離養(yǎng)育自己的大地自然母親的不歸路。這一切難道不令人深思嗎？
　
【指點(diǎn)迷津】
　A.單元重點(diǎn)新詞讀音歸類(lèi)
　　1.[ ] taxi bank parrot 2.[ ] airport reporter
　　3.[a：] guitar sharp Klarke 4.[ ]hotel bone
　　5.[ai] guide wild sight mile price 6.[ ] soil destroy
　　7.[ ]bank 8.[z]phrase
　　9.[ju：] future 10.[i：] centimetre weekend
　　11.[i] separate (adj.) taxi trip villager guitar centimetre destroy reporter
　B.單元重點(diǎn)新詞透視
　　1.separate作形容是“單獨(dú)的，各自的”，作動(dòng)詞是“分開(kāi)，分離”。如：Bob will separate the bad apples from the good ones. 鮑勃要把壞蘋(píng)果與好蘋(píng)果分開(kāi)來(lái)。He separated the boys from the girls.
　　Please cut it into three separate parts.請(qǐng)把它分成3份。Keep the onions separate from the bread or they\'ll make it smell.把洋蔥和面包分開(kāi)放，否則面包會(huì)有味兒。live separate分居。The children sleep in separate beds .孩子們分床睡的。
　
測(cè)試要點(diǎn)：
　　(1)搭配：separate…from…把……與……分開(kāi)
　　(2)辨析：separate…from…與divide…into… separate含把原來(lái)結(jié)合在一起的、混合在一起的分開(kāi)或者隔離。divide含把整體分成若干部分。如：Separate your things from mine./He divided the apple into halves. /The house is divided into four parts .這座房子被分作了四部分。
　　(3)taxi作名詞是“出租車(chē)”，相當(dāng)于taxicab, cab, 作動(dòng)詞是“坐出租車(chē)，用出租車(chē)送”。如：We taxied to the theatre.我們坐出租車(chē)去戲院。The visitors have been safely taxied to the hotel.客人們已被出租車(chē)安全送到旅館。

測(cè)試要點(diǎn)：
　　(1)在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，用在第三人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)后或者作名詞的復(fù)數(shù)：taxis=taxies
　　(2)搭配：take a taxi to +地點(diǎn), by taxi乘出租車(chē)，go by taxi=go in a taxi乘記程車(chē)去，打的去，get in/into a taxi上出租車(chē)（注意不是get on ）,get out of a taxi下出租子（注意不是get off）。
　　(3)該詞的現(xiàn)在分詞是：taxiing=taxying。出租汽車(chē)駕駛員是：taximan。
　　3.weekend周末（星期六和星期日）。作動(dòng)詞是“度周末”。如：I don\'t work at weekends.（美語(yǔ)中用：on weekends）We are going for a long weekend to Paris.我們要去巴黎度一個(gè)長(zhǎng)周末。（即從星期五至星期天或星期一） He weekended away from home last time.上次他離開(kāi)家度周末了。
　
測(cè)試要點(diǎn)：區(qū)別：weekend與weekday
　　weekday周日（指除星期日以外或除星期日和星期六以外的日子），在周日。如：She works(on) weekdays .她平時(shí)天天上班。
　　4.guide作名詞是“向?qū)�，�?dǎo)游者，領(lǐng)路人，指導(dǎo)者，指南，入門(mén)”，作動(dòng)詞是“為……領(lǐng)路，帶領(lǐng)，引導(dǎo)，指導(dǎo)”。如：Experience is a good guide.經(jīng)驗(yàn)就是很好的導(dǎo)師。a traveller\'s guide旅客指南，guide the boys in their studies指導(dǎo)孩子們學(xué)習(xí)。I know the place well, so let me be your guide.
　
測(cè)試要點(diǎn)：
　　(1)“對(duì)……的指導(dǎo)”的介詞在測(cè)試中用to。如：a guide to English grammar英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法向?qū)В琀is book, A Guidde to Poultry Keeping, is to be published next month.他的《家禽飼養(yǎng)手冊(cè)》下月就要出版了。
　　(2)不用“guide sb to do”應(yīng)用“guide sb +in (into, through, towards…”。 如：
Our party leads us in building socialism./I guided the blind man to his seat./ He guided me through the thick forest.
　　5.sight作名詞是“情景；風(fēng)景；目光；視力；看到；視野”。作動(dòng)詞是“見(jiàn)到”。如：She lost her sight in an accident.她在一次事故中失明了。Keep out of my sight !別讓我再看見(jiàn)你！
　
測(cè)試要點(diǎn)：
　　(1)搭配：have long/far sight遠(yuǎn)視。have short/near sight近視。have good/poor sight視力好/差。have one\'s sight tested視力檢查。in sight可看得見(jiàn)的，在視線內(nèi)。out of sight看不見(jiàn)的，在視程之外。catch/have /get sight of突然瞥見(jiàn)。at the sight of一看見(jiàn)……就。at first sight乍一看，第一眼。如：They ran away at the sight of the police .他們一看見(jiàn)警察就逃之夭夭了。I caught sight of her hurrying away.我瞥見(jiàn)她匆匆走了。
　　(2)作“風(fēng)景”講常用復(fù)數(shù)。如：The sunset was a beautiful sight.日落是很美麗的景象。John enjoyed seeing the sights of the West Lake.約翰很喜歡觀賞西湖風(fēng)景。
　　(3)辨析：sight, scenery, view, scene
　　sight指“景色”是可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，往往指眼見(jiàn)的景色，如供人游覽的“景”和“名勝”，但尤指人工制成的景。One of the beautiful sights is the castle.那城堡是美景中的一個(gè)。
　　scenery是個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞，含不管是否映入眼簾的風(fēng)景。The road passes through the most charming scenery.這條大路穿過(guò)極為迷人的風(fēng)景區(qū)。
　　view和scene所表達(dá)的景色都是scenery中的一部分，往往指自然景色。如：Do you enjoy the ten famous views of the West Lake?你喜歡西湖十景嗎？There is a lovely view from this window .從這個(gè)窗子可以看到一片秀麗的景色。There is a happy scene of children playing in the garden.孩子們?cè)诨▓@里玩耍，好一派歡樂(lè)的景象。
　　另外，scene還可指舞臺(tái)的場(chǎng)景。
　　6.price是可數(shù)名詞“價(jià)格，價(jià)錢(qián)”“代價(jià)”。當(dāng)不表示物品的具體價(jià)格，而只表示“價(jià)格”的概念時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。如：What\'s the price of this coat ?這件衣服多少錢(qián)？House prices are getting higher.房?jī)r(jià)在上漲。
　　注意該詞名詞復(fù)數(shù)的發(fā)音為[praisiz]
測(cè)試要點(diǎn)：
　　(1)價(jià)格分“高底”，物品分“貴賤”。如：（錯(cuò)）The price is expensive/cheap.
（對(duì)）The book is expensive/cheap.
　　(2)價(jià)格作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)句不能用how much提問(wèn)，應(yīng)用What。如：What is the price of cabbages today ?=What price of cabbages today?今天洋白菜啥價(jià)？
　　(3)搭配：sell sth at a high/low price以高價(jià)或低價(jià)出售。at any price=at all costs不惜任何代價(jià)。pay a high price for為……付出很高的代價(jià)。above/beyond/without price無(wú)價(jià)之寶。
　　(4)區(qū)別：price, cost, value, worth, charge, expense
　　price定價(jià)（指賣(mài)方對(duì)物品所要求的價(jià)格，高于cost）
　　cost價(jià)值，成本（指對(duì)貨物所付的一切代價(jià)，如制作、包裝、運(yùn)輸?shù)龋?
　　value價(jià)值（按人的主觀判斷對(duì)物品本身內(nèi)在的有用評(píng)價(jià)）。如：I paid him $500 for the painting, but its real value must be about $50,000.
　　worth價(jià)值（指物體本身永遠(yuǎn)不變的價(jià)值，含著一定金額的數(shù)量，用法比較特殊）。如：sth be worth +ing（不用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式和不定式）�！皊th be well worth+錢(qián)”是“某物相當(dāng)值錢(qián)”。
　　charge索價(jià)（指為其提供服務(wù)后所要求應(yīng)付的價(jià)錢(qián)，常用句型：charge sb+錢(qián)+for sth。free of charge免費(fèi)）
　　expense開(kāi)支，花費(fèi)（指對(duì)……的實(shí)際開(kāi)支花費(fèi)的金額，常用于：at the expense of , at one\'s expense以……為開(kāi)支）
　　(5)詢問(wèn)價(jià)格有多種表達(dá)方式。如：這個(gè)你要賣(mài)多少錢(qián)？How much do you ask for (want for, sell) it ?=How much does this cost?=How much is this worth?=What does it cost?=What is this worth?=What\'s the price of this ?=What\'s your charge for this ?=What do you charge for this ?
　　(6)priceless是“無(wú)價(jià)之寶的，貴重的”=costly=valuable=invaluable=precious=dear。valueless是“不值錢(qián)的”。
　　7.destroy常作及物動(dòng)詞是“破壞，毀壞，打破……計(jì)劃，消滅”。（反義詞是：construct）如：All her hopes were destroyed.她所有的希望都破滅了。
　
測(cè)試要點(diǎn)：destroy, damage, destruction, break, ruin, spoil, wreck
　　destroy指劇烈的毀壞到不能再使用的程度。damage指造成的一定程度上的損失。destruction是不可數(shù)名詞，如the destruction of a town。break可用于大小東西的損壞。ruin指天災(zāi)人禍般的徹底摧毀性。spoil指把事情弄糟。wreck指船、飛機(jī)、輪船等交通工具的摧毀。
　　8.but作介詞“除了”（用于no, all, nobody, who, where等詞之后）=except。如：All of them but /except me /I had been there before.除我以外，他們以前都到過(guò)那里。(用I時(shí)but是連接詞)。next but one (two,…)隔一個(gè)（兩個(gè)……）。last but one (two, three…)倒數(shù)第一（第二，第三……）。
　
測(cè)試要點(diǎn)：but前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞及其變形時(shí)，but后的不定式在測(cè)試中省略to。如下面題的答案為C。
Last night I did nothing but TV.(A. to watch B. watched C. watch D. watching)
對(duì)比：The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking.醫(yī)生除了讓他戒煙，其它什么都沒(méi)有說(shuō)。
　　9.phrase短語(yǔ)，習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)，詞組，片語(yǔ)，措辭。（復(fù)數(shù)phrases[preiziz]）。如：a noun phrase名詞短語(yǔ)，a prepositional phrase介詞短語(yǔ)，an adjective phrase形容詞短語(yǔ)，phrases and idioms習(xí)語(yǔ)和成語(yǔ)。如：The book is on the table.—“on the table”is a phrase這本書(shū)在桌子上──“在桌子上”是個(gè)短語(yǔ)。He spoke in simple phrases, so that the children understood him./He used so many scientific phrases that we did not understand him.
　　區(qū)別：phrase短語(yǔ)。expression表達(dá)，詞句。idiom成語(yǔ)。proverb諺語(yǔ)。
　　10.future作名詞“將來(lái)，未來(lái)”。作形容詞“將來(lái)的，未來(lái)的”。如：Children are the future of our motherland.兒童是祖國(guó)的未來(lái)。It suggests a great future for our Party. 這表明我們的黨有光明的前途。He decided that he would build his future home by a lake.他決定在湖邊建造他未來(lái)的住宅。
　
測(cè)試要點(diǎn)：辨析in the future, in future, for the future
　　in the future = in time yet to come(常指遙遠(yuǎn)的以后)將來(lái)，今后。如：Who knows what will happen in the future?
　　In future = from now on（指從今以后不再……）。如：You must be careful in future.你今后可要多加小心。
　　for the future為了以后，為了將來(lái)。如：We study hard and gain more knowledge for the future.我們?yōu)榱艘院�，要努力學(xué)習(xí)，獲得更多的知識(shí)。
　
　C.單元重點(diǎn)詞組掃瞄
　
　　1.in a few days\' time = in a few days = a few days away幾天以后（與將來(lái)時(shí)連用）。after a few days幾天以后（與過(guò)去時(shí)連用）。如：He will be back in a month.他一個(gè)月后回來(lái)。He came back after a month.他一個(gè)月后回來(lái)了。
　　注意區(qū)別下列各句：He will come back after six o\'clock.（具體指6點(diǎn)后）/He will come back in six hours.(約6個(gè)小時(shí)后)/He will come back in a week\'s time .（一周后）/He is going to Beijing in three days?/B> time.（三天后）
　　2.see…off為某人送行。如：We saw the foreigners off at the airport./Thousands of people were at the airport to see them off .
　　3.take a taxi to +地點(diǎn)“乘出租車(chē)去……”。如：We must take a taxi to the hospital to call on her.
　　4.have a nice/good time in /at +地點(diǎn)“在……過(guò)得愉快”。如：Have you had a nice time in Guangzhou?/Did you have a good time at the cinema?
　　注意：Have a nice /good time !祝你愉快！（是一個(gè)祝愿用語(yǔ)）。又如：Have a pleasant/good trip!/Have a good day!祝你走運(yùn)！/Good luck to you!/Happy birthday!/Wish you good health!
　　注意下列表達(dá)：say goodbye to sb向……告別。say sorry to sb = apologize to sb向……道歉。say yes /no to a plan同意/否定一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。
　　5.be about to do即將干……正要……如：She was about to leave when the postman arrived.
　　注意區(qū)別：be about to do不與表示將來(lái)的具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。be going to do可以表示與將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
　　6.The same to you .祝你也如此。如：A: Happy New Year to you ! B: The same to you .
　　注意區(qū)別：(1)A: Have a good holiday! B: Thanks .The same to you .
　　　　　　　(2) A: Happy birthday to you ! B: Thank you very much.
　　　　　　　(3) A: Congratulations on your success! B: Thanks a lot .
　　7.get back = come back =return回來(lái)，返回。
　　8.tie…to …把……系在……
　　9.take off起飛；脫下。
　　10.every two years每?jī)赡辍�every second year= every other year每隔一天。
　　注意區(qū)別：every three days每三天=every third day每隔兩天。every four days每四天=every fourth day每隔三天。every two kilometres每隔一公里（或者：每?jī)晒�里）。every few hours每過(guò)幾小時(shí)。這說(shuō)明要用“每隔……”翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，要把英語(yǔ)中的數(shù)字減去一。如：The old man went to hospital every five days.那老漢每隔四天就去看一次病。There are buses to the station every ten minutes.每十分鐘就有公共汽車(chē)去火車(chē)站。I went to see a film every two weeks.我每隔一星期去看一次電影。Please take the medicine every four hours .這藥要每四小時(shí)服一次。（即每隔三小時(shí)）
　　11.in South America在南美洲
　　12.play the guitar彈奏吉他。有時(shí)也用：play one\'s guitar彈某人的吉他。
　　13.for miles and miles連綿數(shù)英里
　　14.stay long呆很久
　　15.for one or two years = for a year or two一兩年
　　16.20 centimetres thick 20厘米厚
　　17.nothing but = nothing except = only只有。如：He has eaten nothing but a few pieces of bread since Sunday.
　　18.How long does the journey take you ?你旅行用了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？
　
　D.大綱規(guī)定的單元日常核心交際用語(yǔ)指南
　　Good Wishes, Congratulations and Responses (祝愿、祝賀和應(yīng)答)
　　(1)Idiomatic Sentences功能套語(yǔ)
　　請(qǐng)對(duì)方代你問(wèn)候某人用：give one\'s regards to sb = give one\'s best wishes to sb = give one\'s best love to sb = give one\'s best regards to sb代向某人問(wèn)候。如：Do give my best regards to your parents./say“Hi”/“Hello”to sb from sb = give one\'s regards to sb替某人向……問(wèn)好。
　　Have a nice/good time./Good luck.祝你好運(yùn)！/Have a good trip!祝旅途愉快！祝一路順風(fēng)！/How about you?你覺(jué)得怎樣？/Best wishes to you !向你致以最良好的祝愿。/Congratulations!恭喜！/Merry Christmas!圣誕快樂(lè)！/Happy birthday to you !/Happy New Year!/You won the first place. I\'d like to be the first to congratulate you upon it . /Many congratulations on your happy birthday!/A merry Christmas and a happy New Year !/Happy Spring Festival!祝春節(jié)愉快！/I wish you good health./Good luck and success to you !/I wish you great success in your work in the future .祝你在今后的工作中取得更大的成就。/I wish you lots of happiness !/May everything you want come true ! 祝心想事成！/May New Year bring you all good things. 祝新年萬(wàn)事如意！/Best season greetings!衷心祝節(jié)日愉快！
　　(2)Model Dialogues交際示范
　　　Sara：Good evening, Mick. I\'m so glad you could come.
　　　Mick：Good evening, Sara.
　　　Sara：Please come in and take a seat.
　　　Mick：Happy birthday to you, Sara. This is for you.
　　　Sara：A gift for me ?
　　　Mick：Sure. Congratulations on this happy day.
　　　Sara：Thank you. (Open the gift)Oh, it\'s lovely and very beautiful.
　　　Mick：I\'m glad you like it .
　
　E.單元語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)
　
　　本單元復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法。了解現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)的特殊用法。區(qū)別be about to do, be going to do, will/shall do�，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)在測(cè)試中經(jīng)常以不同語(yǔ)境出現(xiàn)，必須引起高度的重視。
　
二、學(xué)海導(dǎo)航
【學(xué)法指要】
　　現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的測(cè)試要點(diǎn)
　　(1)表示此刻正進(jìn)行的或者發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now, at the moment可有可無(wú)。如：Look! Dark clouds are gathering./He\'s playing a joke on me ./We\'re busy at the moment. I\'m selling cigarette. My father is selling some sweets.
　　(2)表示現(xiàn)階段正進(jìn)行而此刻不一定在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now, these days可有可無(wú)。如：She is studying law while her brother is studying medicine./How are you getting along with your studies these days?/I usually get up at seven, but I\'m getting up at six every day this week./Is she working hard in the factory ?
　　(3)表示按計(jì)劃安排近期將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常用于這種用法的動(dòng)詞有：go, come, do start, leave, arrive, return, begin, move, join, finish, drive等。如：We are meeting him after the meeting./ We\'re going to London next week./Mr.Zhang is leaving for Shanghai in a few days.
　　(4)用在時(shí)間或者條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：I\'ll think about it while you\'re writing the report./When you are talking with him, take care not to mention this ./Will you post this letter for me if you are passing a post-box? If you are standing at the corner when I pass, I\'ll give you a lift into town.
　　(5)表示在剛剛過(guò)去的時(shí)間中發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：I don\'t know what you\'re talking about. /you don\'t believe it ?you know I\'m telling the truth.
　　(6)動(dòng)詞hope, wonder用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示委婉的口氣。如：I\'m hoping you\'ll give us some advice. /I\'m hoping you can come and have lunch with me .I\'ve been wanting to ask you for a long time. /I\'m wondering if I may have a word with you./We are wondering if you have any suggestion.
　　(7)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的區(qū)別在于：表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而表示現(xiàn)在暫時(shí)性的動(dòng)作則用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：My watch works perfectly./My watch is working perfectly.
　　Always, continually, constantly, forever等與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連用往往帶有喜、怒、贊揚(yáng)、憤恨、討厭、不滿等的感情色彩。而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)只表示事實(shí)。如：John does fine work at school./He is always thinking of how he could do more for the people .(贊場(chǎng))/He is constantly leaving things about.（討論與不滿）/She is always changing her clothes.（厭煩與嫉妒）
　
【妙文賞析】
　　A visitor visits an island where two tribes(部落) live. One tribe always tells the truth and the other always lies. The truth-tellers live on the western side of the island, and those who lie live on the eastern side. The visitor wants to determine whether the native beside him is a truth teller or not by asking only one question. He tells the native to go and ask that native in the distance which side of the island he lives on .When the messenger returns, he says to the visitor, “He says he lives on the western side of the island.”
　　Is the messenger a truth-teller? How can the visitor be sure ?
　　1.The native in the distance says he lives on the western side of the island.　According to his answer, which conclusion of the following is WRONG?
　　　A. He may live on the eastern side of the island.
　　　B. He may live on the western side of the island.
　　　C. He may be telling the truth.
　　　D. He can\'t be telling the truth.
　　2.According to the messenger\'s answer, the visitor can conclude that　　　 .
　　　A. the messenger lives on the western side of the island because he tells the truth
　　　B. the messenger probably lives on the eastern side of the island because his answer may be a lie
　　　C. it is hard to determine whether the messenger is a truth-teller or not
　　　D. the messenger probably lives on the western side of the island because his answer nay be true
　　3.The visitor himself doesn\'t go and ask the question of that native in the distance, because　　　　 .
　　　A. he is sure that the native beside him is a truth-teller
　　　B. he wants to decide which side of the island the messenger lives on according to his answer to the question.
　　　C. he wants to decide which side of the island that native in the distance lives on according to the messenger\'s answer
　　　D. he can\'t express himself in the native language
　　4.If the visitor goes to ask the native in the distance himself and decide which side of the island he lives on, the cleverest question should be“　　　　 ？”
　　　A. Which side of the island do you live on
　　　B. Do you live on the western side of the inland?
　　　C. You live on this island, don\'t you
　　　D. Do you like to tell lies or tell the truth
　　5.Which title of the following is the best?
　　　A. Visiting a Strange Island B. A Funny Story
　　　C.A Clever Question D. The Visitor and the Messenger
　
【答案與解析】
　　該短文以簡(jiǎn)單的情節(jié)表達(dá)了一個(gè)典型的邏輯推理過(guò)程。解題中必須正確理解其中幾個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的意義和表意愿傾向的副詞。
　　1.選D。句中的can\'t在此是“不可能”，不是“可能不”，表示絕對(duì)否定，這不合事實(shí)。其它中的may都以合乎邏輯而起干擾項(xiàng)。2.選A。關(guān)鍵在于承認(rèn)這一事實(shí)：只要“the messenger”帶回的話是“遠(yuǎn)處的人說(shuō)他住在島的西邊”，那么“the messenger”就屬于說(shuō)實(shí)話部落的人。3.選B。事實(shí)是，遠(yuǎn)處的人回答只有一種：他住島西邊，否則，帶話者在撒謊。4.選C。選項(xiàng)A，問(wèn)不出所以然；選項(xiàng)B，東邊和西邊人都會(huì)說(shuō)住在島的西邊；選項(xiàng)D，無(wú)論對(duì)方是哪邊人，都會(huì)說(shuō)自己說(shuō)的是實(shí)話，只有C，才能置對(duì)方于“兩難境地”，如果說(shuō)他是說(shuō)謊部落的人，他的回答必然是“不住在島上”，這是與事實(shí)相矛盾的。5.選C。從無(wú)論是測(cè)試the native beside him的問(wèn)題，還是測(cè)試the native in the distance的問(wèn)題，你不能不認(rèn)為此篇最貼切的標(biāo)題是“聰明的問(wèn)題”。
　
【思維體操】
　　The following notice is posted in a bus terminal(終點(diǎn)站).Time Table:
　　—Buses leave the Railway Station, New York City, from 7:00a.m. every half-hour thereafter(此后)，until 11:30p.m.(7 days a week)
　　—Buses leaves the Brennan Station 20 minutes before and after every hour from 6:20 a.m. to 10:40 p.m.(7 days a week)
　　—Evening rush hours(5:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m.):Buses leave the Railway Station, New York City, every 15 minutes.(Monday-Friday)
　　—Holidays: Buses leave every hour on the hour, each direction.(Trip time:30 minutes each way)
　　—All tickets must be bought at window 12,the Railway station. New York City, or at the Brennan Station Window BEFORE boarding buses.
　　1.At which time does a bus leave New York for Brennan on Thursday ?
　　　A. 8:30 a.m. B. 10:15 a.m. C. 3:15 p.m. D.11:45 p.m.
　　2.Which is the lastest bus you could take from Brennan if you had to meet a friend in New york at 10:20 a.m. on Friday ?
　　　A. The 8:00 a.m. bus. B. The 9:40 a.m.bus.
　　　C. The 8:40 a.m. bus. D. The 9:20 a.m.bus.
　　3.Which is the latest bus you could take from Brennan if you had to meet a friend in New york at 10:20 a.m. on Friday ?
　　　A. 5:40 a.m. B. 9:00 a.m. C. 4:20 p.m. D. 11:40 p.m.
　　4.If you wand to take a bus in evening rush hours, you should take the bus in the Railway Station, New York City on Monday.
　　　A. 6:20 p.m. B. 5:45 p.m. C. 4:20 p.m. D.7:15 p.m.
　　5.Where should passengers buy their tickets ?
　　　A. From the bus driver before boarding the bus. B. On the bus after boarding the bus.
　　　C. At the window with the above notice. D. At a terminal ticket window.
　
【答案及解析】
　　1.考事實(shí)詢問(wèn)，由發(fā)車(chē)時(shí)刻表的第一條可知，公共汽車(chē)離開(kāi)New York開(kāi)往Brennan的時(shí)間是在上午7:00到夜間11:30之間每隔半小時(shí)一班，故A正確。
　　2.考是否理解并掌握文章提供的信息。由通知中發(fā)車(chē)時(shí)刻表的第二條可得知，公共汽車(chē)離開(kāi)Brennan開(kāi)往New York的時(shí)間是上午6:20到夜間10:40之間，每小時(shí)的前后20分鐘各有一班，根據(jù)題意，最遲一班為下午9:40，無(wú)疑正確答案為B。
　　3.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。答案需要通過(guò)觀察得出，由發(fā)車(chē)時(shí)刻表第二條可以了解到，公共汽車(chē)由Brennan開(kāi)往New York的時(shí)間是6:20 a.m.—10:40 p.m,先排除A、D。再根據(jù)每小時(shí)的前后20分鐘各有一班，可以判斷出答案為C。
　　4.考查事實(shí)詢問(wèn)。由發(fā)車(chē)時(shí)刻表第三條中可先排除C、D。再根據(jù)所提供的信息，公共汽車(chē)在晚上車(chē)輛高峰時(shí)期每15分鐘一班，可以推知答案為B。
　　5.考查綜合判斷能力。對(duì)短文第一句及最后一句所提供的信息進(jìn)行綜合歸納，就可以判斷出乘客購(gòu)買(mǎi)車(chē)票的地點(diǎn)是在終點(diǎn)站窗口，故答案選D。
　
三、智能顯示
【心中有數(shù)】
　　英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的異常表現(xiàn)
　　截止到本單元，同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)的英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)有如下異常表現(xiàn)：
　　一、在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，常不使用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。在將來(lái)時(shí)間條件下，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)取代一般將來(lái)時(shí)，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，取代過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。如：I\'ll go there with you if it doesn\'t rain tomorrow.(如果明天天不下雨，我將和你去那兒。)
　　二、結(jié)束性、終止性動(dòng)作(find, know, finish, work out, hear等)常不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如果遇到了now（現(xiàn)在）、at the moment（此刻）等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，最好用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示。如：He has finished his homework now.（現(xiàn)在，他已完成了他的家庭作業(yè)。）
　　三、某些動(dòng)詞（多為表示起、止、往、返動(dòng)作）的進(jìn)行進(jìn)態(tài)，可與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：I\'m leaving Beijing for Shanghai next week.(下周我將離開(kāi)北京去上海。)
　　四、某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，可以用來(lái)表示慣常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，只不過(guò)含有某種感情色彩。如：Mum! You\'re always telling others about me.（媽媽?zhuān)∧憧偸欠耆司椭v我的故事）
　　五、在表示客觀真理的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：The teacher told the students that the sun is much bigger than the moon. (老師告訴學(xué)生們，太陽(yáng)比月亮大得多。)
　　六、當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則一般應(yīng)該用與其相應(yīng)的某種過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。如：He told me he would go to the United States tomorrow.（他告訴我他明天將去美國(guó)。）
　　七、和某一準(zhǔn)確過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用的某一動(dòng)作，即使它在另一動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，也不用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，仍用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如 ：He told me that the was born in 1960.(他告訴我他生于1960年。)
　　八、在表示客氣、委婉的問(wèn)句中，往往用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)代替現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。如：Could you help me with English ?（您能幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)嗎？）
　　九、在表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）。I wish you were on the moon now.(我但愿你現(xiàn)在就在月亮上。)
　　十、當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞before, after, as soon as, until等時(shí)，即使主從句中的兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作一先一后發(fā)生在過(guò)去，先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作也不用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示，都用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。例：He didn\'t leave until his mother came back.（直到他母親回來(lái)，他才離開(kāi)。）
　
【動(dòng)腦動(dòng)手】
從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案：
　　1.My father went to his doctor for some advice about his heart disease 　　　 .
　　　A. each two weeks B. each second week
　　　C. every two weeks D. every other weeks
　　2.The train 　　　 when we hurried into the station.
　　　A. is leaving B. had left away C. has left D. was about to leave
　　3.There is nothing 　　　 sand in the Sahara Desert.
　　　A. but B. except for C. besides D. of
　　4.The chicken on the plate looks 　　　 and smells 　　　 as 　　　 .
　　　A. nice; good ;well B. well; nice; well C. good; nicely; good D. well; well ;well
　　5. A great change in people\'s thinking has 　　　 in the past few years.
　　　A. come along B. come about C. come over D. come up
　　6. Some important leaders have gone to the airport to 　　　 Chairman Jiang.
　　　A. send off B. put off C. see off D. turn off
　　7.—Have a nice weekend!
　　　— 　　　 .
　　　A. The same to you　　B. You do too　　C. The same as you　　D. You have a too
　　8.These plants are watered 　　　 .
　　　A. each othe day 　B. every other day　C. each of two days　D. every of two days
　　9.The doctor will be free 　　　 .
　　　A.10 minutes later B. after 10 minutes C. in 10 minutes D.10 minutes after
　　10.The price of oil is 　　　 than before.
　　　A. a little cheaper B. more high C. more expensive D. much lower
　　11.—My dress is made 　　　 silk. What about yours ?
　　　 —Mine is made 　　　 Mum\'s old things.
　　　A. from; of B. of; from C. of ; of D. from; from
　　12. Please say Hello to Mr.Wang 　　　 me when 　　　 him tomorrow.
　　　A. for; to see B. from; seeing C. through; see D. by; you will see
　　13.Nobody but I 　　　 about the matter.
　　　A. knows B. have known C. know D. is knowing
　　14.In the evening I loved sitting 　　　 the fire and 　　　 the guitar.
　　　A. on; played B. by; played C. beside; to play D. by; playing
　　15.Don\'t tie your horse 　　　 such a young tree, 　　　 ?
　　　A. with; do you B. on; do C. to; will D. in; would
　
【答案與解析】
　　1.選C。every two weeks= every second week =every other week每?jī)芍�。英語(yǔ)中表示“每……”時(shí)常用every,不用each。但表示“在……兩旁”中不用every。如：on each side of the river= on both sides of the river =on either side of the river在河的兩岸。2.選D�？蓮臅r(shí)態(tài)上判斷。leave表“離開(kāi)”時(shí)不需再加away。該句可以從“火車(chē)正要離開(kāi)、火車(chē)已經(jīng)離開(kāi)、火車(chē)正徐徐離開(kāi)”理解。3.選A。nothing but /except= only僅僅，除了……以外什么也沒(méi)有，只不過(guò)。又如：Nothing but miracle can save him.只有出現(xiàn)奇跡才能挽救得了他。4.選A。look, smell作系動(dòng)詞后接形容詞。as well“也”。句意為：盤(pán)中的雞肉不僅看起來(lái)讓人垂涎欲滴，聞起來(lái)也讓人感到味道好極了。5.選B。come about發(fā)生、變化。6.選C。see off送行。7.選A。也同樣祝愿對(duì)方時(shí)在交際英語(yǔ)中常用：The same to you。8.選B。every other day =every two days =every second。9.選C。表將來(lái)時(shí)用in介詞短語(yǔ)，而A、B、D選項(xiàng)用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。10.選D。價(jià)格論高低，物品論貴賤。11.選A。在表示“由……制造”時(shí)：be made of (可看出原材料),be made from (看不出原材料)，be made into（某物被制造成）。如：These glasses are made of glass.這些玻璃環(huán)是用玻璃制造的。=Glass can be made into glasses.玻璃可以被制造成玻璃杯。12.選B。say Hello to sb from sb =give one\'s regards to sb代某人向……問(wèn)好。句子后部的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)，when seeing =when you see。13.選A。由as well as, nothing but, rather than連接的并列名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)與前面的一致。作“知道；了解”講，know不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。14.選D。by the fire在火邊。love后可接不定式或者動(dòng)名詞，但本句中與前面的sitting由and連接作并列的賓語(yǔ)。15.選C。tie…to系……到……否定祈使句后的反意疑問(wèn)句用will you。
　
【創(chuàng)新園地】
　　本單元是一篇旅游日記，內(nèi)容翔實(shí)，貼近生活。有不少的表達(dá)是測(cè)試中必備的。下面請(qǐng)同學(xué)們根據(jù)提示的情景，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇100字左右的有關(guān)旅行的短文，不必逐字逐句的翻譯，用第一人稱(chēng)的手法寫(xiě)。
　　情景提示：平時(shí)我乘火車(chē)或者汽車(chē)旅行，上個(gè)周末有幸第一次乘飛機(jī)去旅行。開(kāi)始緊張，隨后興備。置身于高空云霧之中，俯瞰大地、山巒和河川，別有一番情趣。盡管行程短暫，但非常舒適，我覺(jué)得乘飛機(jī)比乘汔車(chē)有趣多了。
　
　
SEFC 1A
　
Unit 4創(chuàng)新園地答案
　
　　During the weekend I travelled by air for the first time in my life . I usually travel by train or by bus. It is both cheaper and safer. But to fly in the sky was something new to me . At the beginning I felt a little nervous. But very soon I became excited when I found myself high up in the sky among the clouds. I also found that the mountains, fields, and rivers were interestingly small. I enjoyed my short and comfortable journey very much. After all, it is more interesting to take a plane than to take a car.

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