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高考短文改錯(cuò)中的動(dòng)詞
縱觀94年至97年的高考短文改錯(cuò)一題,動(dòng)詞所占比例大大高于英語(yǔ)十大詞類中的其他詞類。94年占短文改 錯(cuò)總分的40%,95年占27%,96年占30%(注:改錯(cuò)中還有兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)涉及到動(dòng)詞),97年占60%。動(dòng)詞的變化 多為時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,還有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞固定搭配等變化形式。94年短文改錯(cuò):
There is ∧ public library in every town in Britain.
81. a
──There are branch library in many villages.
────
82. libraries
─────Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to
──
83. costs
───borrow them. In some places you may borro w∧ many
84. as
──
附圖{圖}want has∧returned and is ready for you to pick up.
95. been
───
分析:
83.cost→costs。屬于動(dòng)詞數(shù)的錯(cuò)誤。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中第三人稱單數(shù)形式,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)加s,故將cost改為c osts。
87.keep→kept。屬于語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為過去分詞形式,故將keep改為kept。
91.去掉will。屬于時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。條件句中用現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí), 從is可斷定句子時(shí)態(tài)為將來時(shí)。當(dāng)主句的 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是將來時(shí)的定語(yǔ)從句,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。故此才將will去掉。
93.send→sending。屬于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤。of是介詞,故應(yīng)將send改為sending。
94.to know→know。屬于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤。let為使役動(dòng)詞,let后的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式符號(hào)省略。故應(yīng) 將to know改為know。
95.has returned→has been returned。屬于語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤, 故將hasreturned改為has been returned。
95年短文改錯(cuò):Dear Mr and Mrs Smith,
I want to thank you again for have me in your
──
81. having
───home for the summer holidays. I had alway s
82.√
──wanted∧return to the village after moving a way
83. to
──and it is really great to see most of my old
friends again.
─ 84.was
──
I told Mother, Father, Sister,∧all my friends
85. and
──here that a great time I had. I'll never for get
── 86.what
───the steamboat ride. I never knew about a rid e down
───
87. that
──
附圖{圖}some times soon. Father and Mother would love to
──
92.time
──see you. Maybe you could come during a winter
─
93. the
──holidays. Uncle Ben will also go back for C hristmas.
94. come
──I'm sure
we'll have a wonderfully time toge ther.
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